Introduction To Fragrance, Cologne, Eau De Toilette & Perfume

Fragrance.

An invisible part of your personal style.

One that has a significant effect on how people perceive you.

Fragrances can:

• Increase your level of attractiveness.
• Increase your perceived level of trust.
• Reduce stress levels.
• Increase confidence levels.
• Increase your alertness.
• Double your chances of getting a woman's phone number.

Despite all these benefits (links at the end of the article) – 80% of men don't use a fragrance regularly!

Why are men hesitant to wear fragrance?

Due to lack of basic information, ignorance about the various terminology and a fear of wearing it wrong or just plain smelling BAD.

This article is an introduction to the different types of fragrances – why and… more importantly how you need to select and regularly use a cologne that complements your natural body odor.

What Are Fragrances?

Fragrances are complex mixtures of what people in the industry refer to as raw materials. These raw materials can be extracts from natural sources or synthetic raw materials.

Oils are dissolved in a solvent (usually alcohol), to preserve a pleasant concoction of scents. The higher the concentration of oils – the greater the strength of the fragrance. The strength determines how long an application of the fragrance lasts on your skin.

What Is The Difference Between Fragrance, Perfume, Toilette And Cologne?

Fragrance is a unisex, generic term used for perfume. Fragrances come in many forms and are called different names but generally fall into these categories:

• Eau Fraiche – The most diluted version of fragrance, usually with 1% – 3% perfume oil in alcohol and water. Usually lasts for less than an hour. 
• Cologne (Eau de Cologne) – Oldest term for perfume, used in North America for masculine scents. Light, fresh and fruity, typically composed of 2% – 4% perfume oils in alcohol and water. Tend to be used in fragrances for younger people. Usually lasts for about 2 hours.
• Toilette (Eau de Toilette) – A light spray composition with 5% – 15% pure perfume essence dissolved in alcohol. Usually lasts for about 3 hours.
• Perfume (Eau de Parfum) – Historically genderless, used to describe both men’s and women’s fragrances.  The best term used to describe a fragrance. Contains 15% – 20% pure perfume essence and lasts for about 5 to 8 hours.
• Perfume – A corruption of the Latin phrase per fumum (through smoke). The most concentrated and expensive of all fragrance options. Slightly oilier, perfume, or parfum, is composed of 20% – 30% pure perfume essence. A single application of perfume can last up to 24 hours. 

The Life Cycle Of Fragrances

Fragrances have three timed sections – a life cycle of points – think of an evaporating pyramid.

Each of the three sections contains individual scents or ‘notes,' that are belted together into what you end up smelling.

These are the individual building blocks of scent. There are three different kinds of notes that comprise a scent – top, medium and base notes.

•  Top note – The top or basic note is the initial, lighter smell of the fragrance that hits the nose first. The top note lasts around 15 minutes – 2 hours.
  Typical top and middle notes are various floral scents, fruity scents, marine/aquatic notes, and spices such as cinnamon. Examples of these notes include citruses, powdery scents and light florals.
• Medium note – Also referred to as the middle or heart notes – showcase the main elements of the fragrance. These notes develop after the top note clears – around 30 minutes and can last 3-5 hours after being sprayed.
  Heart notes most often include heavier floral scents. The middle and base notes are the extra layers of scents which give the fragrance its distinctive smell.
• Base note – The last to develop and helps fix the fragrance to the skin. This is where you will smell the bolder notes of the scent, which become more noticeable when the fragrance has been on the skin for a while. Base notes lay the foundation for the fragrance and will determine how long the fragrance lasts on your skin. Base notes tend to last from 5 to 10 hours. Typical base notes are sandalwood, vetiver, vanilla, tar, leather, smoke, tobacco, and musk

As the notes dry up, the scent will change, allowing for the scents to evolve and be more interesting. Typically, the mark of a low-quality fragrance is if it remains monotone throughout its life.

Linear vs Non Linear Fragrances

Not all fragrances change and go through the three layers of notes over time. These linear scents tend to smell the same on you from the initial spray right up until you wash it off. Non linear fragrances change how they smell after interacting with your skin.

Both have their purposes.

You may want a clean top note smell all day at work instead of one that turns musky after a few hours of application. On a first date, you might want the opposite effect – a pleasant citrusy scent that transitions into a velvety vanilla lavender.

The Two Types Of Fragrances – Designer Or Niche

• Designer fragrances are what you will see in most stores. These fragrances, made by companies like Armani, Chanel, Burberry, and other designer brands, cost between $50 and $100 for a 50ml or 100ml bottle. Because designer fragrances are made for a wide-reaching audience, they are typically safer than niche fragrances. They also tend to be made from cheaper materials for the same reason.

• A niche fragrance is made from more expensive/higher-quality ingredients. These are the perfumes created by industry artists, made for a more selective customer who wishes to wear something distinctively bold or unique. Niche fragrances do not have the universal appeal of a designer fragrance. They appeal most to the fragrance aficionado who wants to push the boundaries of acceptable scents. These fragrances typically cost over $250.

Pricing – The Economics Of Fragrances

More money does not necessarily mean better colognes or perfumes. Some of the most popular fragrances of the past were relatively cheap formulae. It is possible to mix expensive raw materials and end up with a pricey mess.

Usually, the amount of concentrate a fragrance contains will affect its price.

Major brands create perfumes that are part science and part marketing. They have a familiar feel to all their perfumes. Ralph Lauren perfumes, for instance, are made to have a family of familiar scents. If you’ve worn one for years – the newest Polo perfume should feel comfortable to you, even if it’s not the same scent you are accustomed to.

Often, what you end up paying for is the marketing cost and the image associated with a brand and not necessarily the cost of raw materials comprising the scent.

When deciding to purchase a new fragrance – let your nose decide!

The Strength Of A Cologne

The strength of the cologne determines how far the scent travels. A stronger cologne is projected further and can be smelled several steps away, while a milder one is only noticeable by someone in a close embrace.

In the case of fragrances – strong isn't necessarily better than mild. Anything that’s perceptible a few steps away is overkill. Use discretion when applying a strong smell. With powerful blends, only a tiny dab is sufficient.

What are the key factors in determining whether a fragrance is good quality?

The longevity, uniqueness of the smell and projection are important for obvious reasons – if people are unable to smell you and appreciate your fragrance, what is the point of wearing one?

Winter fragrances typically last longer than summer fragrances. The lighter aquatic/citrusy notes of a summer fragrance tend to evaporate within 4-5 hours of application. A good summer fragrances have more intense base notes that tend to last much longer. Expect a good winter fragrance to last for at least 10 hours.

When looking to buy a fragrance, spray some on your wrist and wear it for a day to observe the transitioning nature and longevity of the smell. Avoid spraying on paper because it will only reveal the top notes and is a poor indicator of how the notes of the fragrance will mix with your body oils.

How To Select And Buy The Right Perfume

Scientific studies suggest that an individual can select the perfume that works best with his natural body odor. Don’t let others choose for you, instead let them reinforce your judgment.

Don’t try a blind buy – purchasing a perfume on someone else's recommendation.

You need to test if the perfume complements your natural body odor.  Department stores are a convenient place to trial different samples, just ensure you don’t buy till ready. You should try not more than four fragrances at a time (two is ideal).

How to test fragrances:

• Spray one on each wrist and each inner elbow.
• Between smelling each cologne, refresh your palate with something strong, like coffee beans (usually provided).
• Smell all the notes. Avoid using the paper strips provided for testing the fragrance. The initial top note smell isn’t necessarily the one that lingers for the rest of the day.
• After spraying the fragrance on your wrists, walk around the department store, and smell the colognes at various intervals up to an hour.

What are the different sizes available?

Fragrances come in various bottle sizes, usually ranging from 1 oz. to 3.4 oz.

I recommend smaller vials for men who are trying fragrances for the first time – simply because it is cheaper. You don't know yet how often you will be wearing it. It is likely your tastes will change after you have experimented with other colognes.

The uniqueness of a scent is often overlooked by most men. 

Different scents carry different vibes, and knowing these vibes and choosing accordingly matters. Also, people associate scents with memories and other people (especially women). If you are wearing scents that are unremarkable or common – you'll smell like everyone else.

Your clothes are an outward expression of how you view yourself. The same goes for fragrances.

Rules For Perfume Application

Spray perfume on dry skin, preferably right after a shower. Hold the spray nozzle 3-6 inches from your skin and focus on these rules for applying perfume:

• Pulse points – Your body heat will push the scent through out the day, creating a nice scent trail commonly called sillage. Start with the warm parts of your body – chest, neck, lower jaw, wrist, forearm, inner elbow, shoulder.
• Re-spray only when required – You can add more sprays to your wrists or take sprays away depending on how long the scent lasts.
• Don't kill the note – Rubbing the perfume into the skin seems a sensible thing to do. In reality – it breaks the molecular bond, making the scent weaker.
• Don't spray and walk – Spraying a fragrance in the air and walking through the mist is worthless. Most of it the fragrances drops straight to the floor.
• Don't spray fragrance on your clothes – The fragrance isn't allowed to mix with your oils, and hence it can't naturally go through the stages of notes like it should. The oils in a fragrance will stain many fabrics.
• Don't splash too much – If you are applying cologne from a regular bottle, take one finger and press it against the opening of your bottle, and then tip it over gently.
• Less Is More – “Fragrance should be discovered, not announced”. People should be close to smell the perfume but not overpowered by it.

The Average Lifespan Of Perfume

The shelf life of the average bottle of perfume is 3-5 years from the date of manufacture.

It is next to impossible to specify the accurate number of applications from a bottle of fragrance. You can roughly expect the following lifespan from your bottle of perfume:

• A 100ml dispenses 1000 to 1500 sprays and should last for 14-16 months.
• The average number of sprays in a 50 ml bottle is 735, which should last 7-8 months.

Extend the lifespan of your perfume by storing it in cool, dark and dry environments – such as your bedroom. Rapid heat fluctuations (like found in a bathroom) will cause the molecules in a fragrance to break apart. Sunlight does the same thing as well. Ensure the bottle cap is secure, to prevent the fragrance from evaporating.

Smell is our strongest sense. It is connected to our memory – we make deep connection to emotion. Our reaction to scents is fast and strong although our understanding of it is at a nascent stage right now.

Women like to be with guys who smell good.

Wearing a fragrance is a distinctive way of expressing yourself. Depending on the scent you choose, wearing a fragrance can make you more attractive and more approachable.

Once you find some fragrances that you feel comfortable wearing and build an appreciation for perfumes that complement your natural odor, you'll move on to the next level of purchasing fragrances  – choosing them simply because you like how they smell.

How To Find Your Signature Scent

Being unique and individual in your style is really important, guys.

Whether it's at work, home, or on a date – acting and dressing in a way that makes you feel great is the key to success.

Part of being an individual is to find that one signature scent that defines you and your personal style. Your friends, family, and colleagues should instantly think of you when they catch a smell of your signature fragrance.

Finding that personal scent isn't easy – it takes a lot of trial and error and should be heavily informed by researching the best men's cologne on the market. However, once you do find that one fragrance that just works for you – you'll never want to stop spraying it.

Looking for your signature scent? Check my review of Parfums de Marly niche fragrances.

Click Below To Watch The Video: Introduction To Fragrance

Additional scientific studies:

Is Fragrance The Number One Factor For Women In Mate Selection?

Increase Trust through Fragrance?

Improve Job Performance With The Right Fragrance?

Double Your Chance Of Getting A Date